Execute strategy and drive change provide focus for results

Welcome to the clutter of everyday work. Surrounded by all of those things craving your attention. Constantly battling for your most precious resource – time.

Managers and co-workers alike have the responsibility to execute desired strategy and drive the changes this requires in their businesses. Ensuring daily business while creating the future one. Accountability for this being found at different levels to different extent.

Managers and co-workers alike have the responsibility to execute desired strategy and drive the changes this requires in their businesses.

How can they be supported doing this, how can they be helped to focus on the right results at the right time? There’s a lot of great change management research and managerial theory on how to do this and without picking or excluding any particular one it all comes down to:

  • Communicate a clear end state
    Know where you want to be and when
  • Ensure a sense of urgency for getting there
    Instil a want and need
  • Drive and support desired actions to get there
    Help people through the entire process
  • Follow up and measure progress so you know if you’re getting there
    Know how it’s going and adjust when needed

Executing strategy and driving change is people business and the people need to be supported by adequate tools. Tools being everything from clear expectations and mandates to relevant skills and support to use them all. And maybe most of all; a way to share lessons identified and to learn from each other. Help people focus.

Executing strategy and driving change is people business and the people need to be supported by adequate tools.

The initiative

Let’s look at a real life example from Promote Partner Mindset AB in Sweden. A municipal energy company wanting to strengthen their customer orientated way of working and while doing this ensuring a “one-company-identity”.

After agreeing on “let’s do this” and defining the end state the first step was sitting down and agreeing on and ensuring how to enable the above requirements.

The solution

First it was decided to involve all the managers and all the co-workers without exception. It didn’t matter where in the organization you worked, you were part of the culture and a part of the overall stakeholder map to ensure goal fulfilment. Then the rest fell into placewith the following guidelines:

  • Let managers be managers. Every manager from CEO down to the latest hire in first line management was both responsible and accountable to execute defined actions. Every manager had a personal account in Promote.
  • Follow established line management. No unique organizational set up. First line manger reports to middle manager who reports to business area manager who reports to the CEO. Taking advantage of Promote’s ability to allow participants to be both participant and coach in the same solution created an exact organizational reporting structure.
  • Define report formats. Based on goals and objectives a special report format was established.
    Result reports were sent to own manager only. This enabling a detailed and frank business results reporting. Using the coach functionality in Promote this drove the entire solution in one place ensuring relevant information for the relevant recipients.
  • Work towards a learning organization. Lessons identified and learned were shared for everyone to see and take learning from. This enabling internal stakeholder understanding and shared learning. Public reporting on Promote spread the learning and created many rewarding on- and offline discussions and a library of learning. Everyone saw all of this.
  • Make it action orientated. Manager-led workshops formed the backbone of the solution. Every manager held workshops on the same theme with their submanagers and co-workers within a coordinated time period. The CEO with the senior management team, business area managers with their middle managers who did it with their first line managers who finally did it with their co-workers. Every member of staff took part together with their respective manager. Five one day face-to-face sessions were planned to support them doing this, a half day for lessons learned from what’s been done and half a day preparing them for the next round.

Every member of staff took part together with their respective manager.

  • Create an iterative process. Planning is everything, the plan is nothing. With a clearly defined end state and the major steps in place it was allowed and actually encouraged to get smarter along the way. Continuous follow-up meetings between the senior management team and Mindset ensured a valid and near future design of the solution. Promote’s drag and drop functionality enabled assignments to be adjusted, changed and/or added to.
  • Ensure change and avoid a quick fix. The solution was designed to play out over 8 months with a dedicated face-to-face session for each of the five defined steps. Using Promote in chronological mode created a business almanac based solution with the current assignments always on the start page whenever participants logged in.
  • Create one voice. A “day one, day two” approach. On day one the senior management team went through exactly what was planned for the rest of the managers on day two. This ensured alignment and last minute refinements to content and actions needed. Promote was adjusted accordingly every evening on day one.
  • Ensure daily business. Using Promote as the solution support system, the number of days away from business could be kept to a minimum and daily business integrated into the solution.
  • Make it visible. Promote clearly showed who did what and who didn’t, this creating a sense of urgency in itself and a clear measurement of application.
  • Support, support, support, application and learning! Thanks to Promote all the participants had the job aids, guiding documents, e-learnings, each other’s experiences etc. at their fingertips whenever they might need it.
  • Follow up and evaluate. Level 1 and 2 evaluations at every face-to-face session complemented by Promote’s visual representation of level 3 followed up by a participant subjective level 4 indicators evaluation ensured both relevant in-solution adjustments, extra drive and support efforts where needed and an honest and transparent sign-off between the client and Mindset at the closing of the initiative.

Some stats for you number crunchers out there

The initiative was run over 8 months with 41 managers as participants in Promote having in total 37 preparation and on the job assignments each. The total completion rate of these was 92% and they shared 1094 visible-to-all lessons learned comments and sent 428 private business reports to their managers for review, all on Promote.

The only time away from production for “training” was 5 one day face-to-face sessions capturing lessons learned and preparing for the next phase.

The business plan, organizational strategy documents, e-learnings, workshop agendas and numerous additional resources created along the way were available on Promote for everyone involved to read, reflect and seek support from.

Now we’re just waiting for the employee engagement and client satisfaction survey results to come in. And after that, bottom line correlation anyone?

Then it’s time to analyze, plan and follow up with another initiative, provide more focus to execute strategy and drive change.

How would you do it?

Training needs to change to keep up with business

Markets are changing. Business is changing. Companies need to be light on their feet, to compete. The pace of change in today’s world demands it, lest you risk being left behind. To be strong, means to adapt. Training’s no exception.

Life cycles to execute on strategies are shorter than ever before. Business needs training as a performance tool, to implement strategies and new/better ways of working. In short, for companies to keep up with the world of business, training needs to keep up too. People need to learn faster, smarter and more efficiently. Training must be relevant to business execution.

Effective training is a powerful tool, by which business can implement desired ways of working. And yet, it’s common to find organizations still holding onto out dated views of what effective training means. An old mindset, often born out of an ill formed belief, that there’s a direct cause and effect relationship, between training and improved performance in the workplace. There’s not! Numerous studies and expert opinion attest to that.

In fact, research tells us that 85% of training initiatives have absolutely no impact on business at all!

So why might this be? Well, the old training mindset contains a catastrophic flaw, it separates training and learning, from the needs of the business. Meaning, organizations will continue to fail.

Training requires a new mindset. We need to fix what is broken. Effective training pertains not just to HR and L&D. It’s relevant to all who execute strategies and crave performance improvements.

 

Training needs to be more than just learning, it needs to drive performance

Good training is a powerful tool, which helps people perform at their best. Good training needs to address performance and be measured on performance improvements. After all, any training intervention ought to be able to provide a reaction of sorts, perhaps some even provide new knowledge and skills. However, the real value of training is when the outcomes from training act to drive the desired behaviors, in line with expectations.

In line with business needs, to be specific. So, not just knowing, understanding, or some other intangible line of thought that might derive from the more traditional training intervention, but putting such knowledge and understanding into practice, because it’s the “putting into practice” that creates real business value.

Training vendors and L&D professionals are not hitting the mark. Research tells us that learning transfer, that is, from learning to application, is low. In fact, when measured (and it rarely is), learning transfer, on average, can be as low as between 5-15%. And yet, despite such paltry numbers, research also tells us that it’s still paying the bills!

Let’s take a typical training intervention in sales, for example, statistics tell us, that in a class of 20, two delegates only, are likely to go on and make full use of their training and in so doing, effectively paying the bill for themselves and for the rest of the class!

The business needs remain. The vast majority still seem to be walking down the old business tracks. And yet, the train left the station long ago. And for a new route. People are getting left behind, and more so for each change. But what of the strategic implementation that was needed? And the baseline for future business development not being where it needs to be? (Or where senior executives expect it to be …) There will be disconnections.

The truth is, training alone can’t deliver increased business performance. Training can only make a real difference when enforced by performance drivers and it has the means to overcome obstacles. Training needs to be seen as a development process. It needs to be supported by business and not reduced to some costly event, measured by how much a participant likes the coffee breaks or the facilitator!

Line of sight has been lost. Often the participants and much worse, their managers,  lose sight of how a particular training initiative is supposed to support their organization’s aims and objectives.

Sometimes, even those designing and delivering the training interventions lose line of sight, seemingly no longer able to align the behavioral application of their training to an organization’s needs. Most easily seen in “learning objectives” that describe the effects of a training program (“After this program the participant will be able to..”), rather than addressing the actual needs of the business (“This program drives our desired behaviors for increased customer satisfaction and increases margins from our services”).

We need to work together. The degree to which training transfers into improved business performance, is often the measure of how well an organization is managing its training programs and processes. When training programs are managed well, in other words, they derive from business needs, and in so doing, individual learning outcomes are consistently translated into improved individual performance then the expectations on training will be met.

(Making matters worse, ROI studies on training initiatives sometimes attempt to distil the impact from a training initiative, with other, collectively produced results. Not only do these studies tend to be counterproductive, in that they distance training yet further away from the business, they also tend to be wholly inaccurate.)

Why invest in developing human capital? It’s not uncommon for senior executives or management to question the value of training; not unreasonably so, given the previously mentioned rates of learning transfer to improved business! Moreover, we know that multiple factors contribute to the success of a business through improved performance, without necessarily meaning the development of people. For example, investments in technology, marketing or consultancy. So yes, multiple variables contribute to the success of an organization. Another truth, if you like, is that these days, most things can be bought, written, or copied! But behaviors and culture, not easily so!

 

One study of particular note, is that of Bruce Pfau and Ira Kay (The Human Capital Edge, 2001), who showed a correlation between human capital and shareholder value. Based on an analysis of 750 large, publicly traded companies, they came to 3 major conclusions:

  1. Superior human capital practices are a leading indicator of financial performance
  2. Organizations with the best human capital practices provide three times greater returns to shareholders versus those with weak human capital practices
  3. Certain specific practices improve shareholder value, while others actually diminish it

 

So, to be successful and to be able to adapt over time, every organization needs to align people to performance and training to business. Working in the field of training, this is what you need to accept and adapt to, or face the consequences of being left behind.


And this is how you do it as a training provider or L&D professional:

You need to partner up with business. Training alone (no matter how great) will not bridge the performance gap. The new mindset requires a holistic approach and view to training. That it’s part of a performance system like nursing a plant, the seed needs sunlight, mud and water, to sustain itself over time. Too much of one, or not enough of another, and you’ll not grow something to be proud of, training is one key element among others, to be nurtured all the same.

You need to facilitate success! As a training vendor or L&D professional, you will need to drive the learning function and manage the learning process, which means stepping away from your desk! The research is clear, learning transfer won’t happen by itself. From learning to performance is a process. It needs support and key drivers, to be successful. Your role is to design and orchestrate a training initiative to drive the desired performance. Your function needs to contribute to business success.

Timeless truths

 

  • Always start with the end in mind, understand the needs of the business, for example, what will success actually look like and how will you know?
  • Engage those being trained, align what you want to achieve, think purpose and know their needs to be successful
  • Make it simple, but without ever over-simplifying, make it easy for those being trained to understand how to reach the goal
  • Set those being trained up for success, don’t leave it to chance, make sure the key “drivers” and support are in place

Source: Prof Robert Brinkerhoff and KirkpatrickPartners

 

Your path to partnership and success.

 

  1. Find a starting point. A training initiative that you believe could make a difference for business, that is not too big to handle as a “first case”.
  2. Start with the end in mind, discuss with your sponsor, see the big picture, understand “why?” and “how” the initiative is important to business.
  3. Identify critical behaviors and key indicators for desired outcomes.
  4. Know how training will make a difference, what will those being trained need, to be successful?
  5. Create an impact map, a description of how business needs are linked to the desired behaviors and key learning objectives (at the organization level, individual level, or both).
  6. Find points of evaluation and measurement, what will prove that each step delivers what it should? Identify feed-back sources aligned with everyday business metrics.
  7. Involve and co-operate with line-managers for follow-up and feed-back.
  8. Launch a powerful training program with support and drivers for success. And communicate continuous follow-up on the different metrics and outcomes.
  9. Build success-stories and share with the organization.

 

Promote International have the experience, system and processes to fix what is broken. With our support you will be able to address these issues and take on managing the learning process that you facilitate.

To be a partner with business, means acting like a partner. Still waiting for an invitation from your business?

Don’t, because it starts with you!

Guest Post: After all, they learn! Promote as the fountain of youth for the learning and development culture

Guest post by Michael Haas originally published on MDI Management Development Institute

Maybe you ask yourself if a simple blog entry about a learning transfer platform is able to keep the promise given in the headline. And if you think of me as a sales consultant for this very learning transfer platform you might expect mere sales and marketing packed in some nice words explaining the benefits you as a company might gain from Promote. Well, you will read a little bit of that. But first and foremost I’d like to explain why I love my new role as a sales consultant for the platform and which renovations I see by using the learning transfer platform.

Since 20 years I’m occupied with planning, design and implementation of learning and development processes within organisations. In doing so I had both the internal and external position twice, so I genuinely know the perspectives and challenges on both sides.

 

What happens after the training?

Talking polemically but nevertheless to the point I’d like to say what we all experiences from time to time: A single training shot often moves little. Those “happy sheets” (pay attention to the word!!) evaluating a training are nice to have but often the well-meant resolutions get killed by the mighty forces of persistence. Only one or two out of twelve participants succeed in effectively applying what they learned in the training. All the other try, meet internal or external resistance, give up, fail. It was a nice training. Mission complete.

But there are implementation agreements! And the line managers are on board, that improves both quality and results, you might think. That’s right. But that’s the snag. I don’t want to know in which drawer, or using more modern words: in which sub-sub-folder, all those agreements, formally signed, disappear. Out of sight, out of mind. Nobody will notice. And the trainer is just an onlooker. Until HR remarks that nobody applies the trained contents there are new programs ready to start.

 

Changing the learning culture

Changing learning culture means taking huge strides. And that’s the hour of Promote. Entertaining and easy to understand a video shows how it works. Use the chance to watch the video and learn how development processes may be displayed in a motivating, result-oriented and sustainable way. By the way, this would be the perfect shortcut for the very hurried readers.

And now I’ll say goodbye with my personal “sales arguments” for the learning transfer platform: With Promote I discovered a practicable way to manage learning and learning processes in an easy and effective way. One of my favourites is the possibility of the (very pragmatic and little time consuming) way to integrate line managers as learning coaches. At any time during the process HR has a perfect overview, sees the individual learning progress of participants and has the chance to intervene. Promote is a tool encouraging a dynamic learning culture focussing on practice and application and simultaneously using the communication forms and rules of social media in a very smart way.

So that’s why I am motivated and why I spend all my efforts and know-how on Promote in order to find new ways in terms of learning effectiveness. The only remaining question is: Why didn’t they hit on it earlier?

 

Sincerely,

Your Michael Haas, MDI

PS: PROMOTE is developed by trainers for trainers and HR.

Your most important journey

Probably not.

To do so, would be to blunder. An error one doesn’t need to make.

How best to prepare then? For example, what might you be willing to invest?

Time? Money? Commitment? To name but three.

And so to a journey of another kind. A business journey and getting started with Promote. Possibly one of the most important journeys your business will ever make. It’s not hard to start using Promote. It’s really rather easy. But given it has the potential to add a completely new dimension to your business, we understand this sometimes causes circumspect.

We’ll wait for the perfect business case to come along before investing in Promote, we hear you say. More blundering.

And here’s why:

  • Do you really want to be introduced to Promote at the same time as your client?
  • You’d be full of trepidation
  • Will this work, or won’t it, you simply wouldn’t know
  • Anxiety builds, where you could have smoothed it away
  • A new program, wanting to do your best
  • All made possible by having a meaningful business case of your own
  • You know Promote, you’ve experienced the benefits, for yourself
  • By doing, you are competent and confident
  • You’re going to sell it well

 

Why not hit the ground running instead?

Here’s a more seamless approach, from beginning to end:

  • Select a training program that you run often and are already familiar with. Doing so will allow for a clear comparison between old and new and thereby, the difference that Promote will make. You might also want to consider working with a client that you already have a good working relationship with
  • Select a program starting no earlier than 4-6 weeks from the point of signing the license agreement (allow a week for us to technically create your own version of Promote, two weeks for the online certification process although this could be done in a day, if you had the time, and lastly, a week for when we help you build your first program, to ensure you have absolute confidence, before going live)
  • Make sure someone in your organization has completed the online certification program. In advance, pinpoint “system users” (e.g. one or two consultants and whomever is likely to be responsible for administering Promote)
  • Start using Promote straight away, because the more experienced you become, the greater your confidence in using the system and in selling it onto your own clients

Do not wait until conditions are perfect to begin. Beginning makes conditions perfect.

Activities that don't add value to your business are waste.

Far too often we learn that our customers have unclear expectations on a training initiative. This makes it harder to design training programs but also much harder for the participant to understand and develop the right set of skills.

What do you expect to come out of a training program? What do your key-stakeholders expect? When you guide your organizations to elaborate on the expectations on a training program you, your training and your participants will be more successful.

The basis of many successful theories and models consists of knowing where you’re going. It is also Kirkpatrick Foundational Principle #1 – “The end is the beginning”.

To be in line with performance management and lean thinking, every activity that doesn’t add value to your business is a waste. Consider how your training initiative will support a high level goal of your organization. In what way does your program contribute to your organizations abilities to reach the goal?

Designing training with the end in mind will make your training programs as efficient and cost-effective as possible.

To know your destination is to know your direction. To know what needs to be accomplished puts the right questions in place. Your target break-down, could consist of answering the following questions: How does my target group affect the outcome of this goal? In what situations? What is success? What is best-practice? What are the critical behaviors that we need to address?  How will I address and train the desired behaviors in the program?

Find out and clarify the applications of your training program. Prompt for and direct the desired behaviors in these applications. Who will be able to follow-up on progress and application? Normally it is the closest supervisor or manager and they need to know what to look for and what to encourage. Help your participants be better where it counts and help your organization to support and encourage the application of the desired behaviors. Design for application, design for success.

Expect behaviors to develop!

When you try something new, do you expect yourself to be 100% right on the first attempt?

Or, do you allow yourself some “learning slack”, maybe put a goal that is possible to reach before you expect yourself to master your new skill? I believe that the second approach will build self-confidence and measurable progress.

We know that behaviors are developed step by step and that they will not be a 100% correct to start with. So we need to recognize the different phases of behavioral development: awareness, understanding, acceptance, engagement and responsibility.

We need to identify the expected initial reaction, the early indicators and how we will be able to see that the desired behaviors are displayed. In that way we can recognize efforts and support the desired development.

So we need to clarify what to look for when and also determine how different roles contribute over a period of time. This is why you need to build partnerships,  a trainer can’t solve on his/her own, a manager needs support and guidance and the organization needs skills and insights to drive the requested development and monitor the critical situations.

Don Kirkpatrick designed a 4-level model to evaluate the results of a training program. The points to follow-up on for each of the 4 levels are often the same activities that drive and support the desired behavior. While building an evaluation plan to display a solid chain of evidence you also build a plan to increase the impact of your program.

The use of Promote shows progress and activities concretely and makes follow-up on desired behaviors easy. It also supports and drives the desired behaviors as well as builds self-motivation and provides feedback for the participant.

Replace smile sheets with actual results

Imagine: 416 learners from 52 stores. 18,174 mandatory on-the-job assignments completed, 1,143 of those reviewed and approved by the learners’ managers. 15,086 written comments on results and learning shared among the learners’.

Imagine you’re on your way to a senior management meeting. A senior management meeting where you’re the HR representative. Imagine that ten minutes ago you got a report from your L&D guy. A report stating the figures above. The same L&D guy you gave the responsibility to “get that sales programme up and running” one year ago.

This after struggling with the business area managers’ somewhat adverse attitude towards sending their people on courses. You had an idea of the importance of being able to answer their never ending questions about “what’s in it for me?”, “it’s just another three days away from the store” etc. You remember how annoyed you used to be when handling these questions armed only with smile sheet evaluations about how the actual training days were conducted. The coy smiles from the business area managers and the standard follow up question; “oh great, they had fun. But what’s in it for me?”

Then you met with that training vendor that basically wasn’t interested in talking about “what and how” before you agreed to spend some time agreeing on actual business needs for the training, how to involve the store managers in coaching the learners before and after actual training. And most interesting of all; they said they’d be able to visualize what learners and their managers actually do after the training, in real time and aggregated at the intervals you want. They smiled when you said that you already had an LMS and then a great discussion on what learning transfer really is and where people actually develop in their work roles followed. This ending with them introducing their Learning Transfer Platform, designed for just that. You ended the meeting in agreement of what’s important and went forward from here working as partners.
Even if your L&D guy is officially responsible, you know the buck ultimately stops with you when it comes to delivering results.

You now want to see how those figures relate to the latest bottom line ones for each store. Your experience tells you that these KPI’s, or at least early indicators must show for something. Then you need to capture some shining examples to create and spread success stories as best practice. Finally, a course where your line managers were seen as much as a participant as the learners. Actually; finally a course being a proven investment instead of a cost!

Imagine this feeling going to a senior management meeting next time there’s L&D topics to be discussed.

416 learners from 52 stores. 18,174 mandatory on the job assignments completed, 1,143 of those reviewed and approved by the learners’ managers. 15,086 written comments on results and learning shared among the learners.

Actual figures from a retail sales training initiative run by Promote Partner Mindset AB in Sweden.
The initiative was run over a period of 11 months in 2013 with 52 individual programme starts. The HR representative’s inner thoughts are pure fiction of course 😉

"They don't have the time..." Really? (Part1)

According to Dr Robert Brinkerhoff’s research, traditional training only creates 15 % learning transfer, meaning that only 15 % of the people we train actually apply something when they come back to the workplace. According to the same research, the common denominator for these 15 % is management involvement.

Knowing the importance of management involvement, not only from the research of Dr Brinkerhoff, but also from own experience, we always talk about the importance of this subject with potential and existing customers. Often in our customer meetings, we ask the customers to guess what the common denominator of the 15% who apply something is. To some clients, it’s crystal clear that it’s management involvement, but not for everyone. And very often when we talk about this, the clients start to get uncomfortable and very often they say “our managers do not have the time”. Really? Ok. Let’s start over.

What do we mean by management involvement? The bottom line of management involvement when it comes to training is setting goals, following up on progress and coaching the employees to new or improved behaviours. Sound familiar? Getting involved in the employees’ progress and development is probably one of the most important duties there is for a manager.

One way or probably the best way to handle the objection “they don’t have time” is to ask a question like “What do you want your managers to do?”. In almost any case, the clients come to the conclusion that it is (surprisingly enough!) goal setting, giving feedback and coaching their employees. With this conclusion in mind it is fairly easy to get the clients to start elaborating around the subject of management involvement and what they have to do to get their managers involved in the training.

So, the assumption that the managers don’t have the time is not true. When they are getting the chance to be involved and know what to do, they enjoy it. Give managers a chance to do their job and let them get involved in the training and development, and you will see great results.

Three things I have learned from Professor Brinkerhoff

 

First time I met Rob Brinkerhoff I didn’t actually meet him, in fact he didn’t even see me. I was sitting way back at his speaking engagement at the 2010 ASTD (ATD) conference in Chicago and I instantly became a fan.

Finally, someone pointing out the elephant in the room, the fact that most learners in a soft skill training don’t apply what they are being taught, while at the same time making a compelling case for what could be done to fix this. The wealth of knowledge and experience behind his reasoning emerging from many years research and field work made it all crystal clear. A gauntlet had been thrown down and I decided to pick it up. I went back to Sweden filled with energy and in my notebook, the last piece of the puzzle that would soon become Promote®.

Little did I suspect that Rob and I would meet again, this time face to face.

January 2015, Kalamazoo, MI. I parked my car outside the house of a legend, got out and knocked on the door. Just a week earlier I had contacted Rob under the pretext that I was in the neighborhood and wanted to know if he could spare an hour and a cup of coffee and give me feedback on some ideas I had. Being “in the neighborhood” was a stretch… I was actually going from Stockholm to San Francisco so this was quite a detour.

Nonetheless, Rob had graciously accepted my request and here I was, about to have a “fika” with the one and only Professor Brinkerhoff. And the coffee turned into lunch, turned into another cup of coffee and as the sun set, two strangers had become friends and a seed for the future had been sown.

Since then I’ve had the privilege to work closely with Rob on a number of projects. Evaluations for clients, writing papers and articles, development work for the Promote platform, instructional design work, documenting best practices, arranging conferences etc. And although we have almost daily contact I’m still amazed how much I can learn from his vast knowledge and experience.

 

Here are a few insights that have made a lot of difference to me and that I hope can be useful for you too:

1. Design your trainings as learner-centric “journeys” with the focus being performance improvement. Cut out any scrap that doesn’t help achieve this in order to maintain a clear “line-of-sight” for the learners towards the business objectives.

2. The learning journey needs to be powerful enough (focus, length, design et c.) to propel the learners beyond the “gravitational pull” of old ways and get them adopting, the new knowledge/behaviors in their working environment.

3. The initial phase of the learning journey is more important than you might think. The learners focus, intentionality and sense of accountability trumps everything, so make sure to help them get into the right mindset.

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